Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is an ongoing problem for the electronics industry. The cost of static faults to the electronics industry is estimated to be tens of billions of U.S. dollars annually. Furthermore, ESD is not only a significant cause of device failure, it also impacts productivity, product reliability, manufacturing profitability, and personnel safety in a number of fields, including petroleum and chemical processing, munitions plants, textiles, clean rooms, and hospitals. One ESD prevention measure that appears to be effective is the installation of static control flooring.
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